What "free throw" means in basketball

A free throw in basketball is a type of unguarded shot that a player gets to attempt from the free throw line following a foul committed by the opposing team. The distance of the free throw line is exactly 15 feet away from the backboard. A player gets two free throws if the opposing team commits a foul when they are in the act of shooting the ball, and one free throw for all other types of fouls.